In response to the identification of gaps in the provision of basic services including of sexual and reproductive health to Brazil's Quilombola communities, UNFPA worked closely with the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) to facilitate Quilombola people's participation in the process of their inclusion in the national demographic census. Four consultations were carried out since 2018. In these consultations, the methodology for applying the question on ethnic-quilombola belonging was reviewed with the full participation of the Quilombo communities. UNFPA also shared lessons learned from other countries, provided technical expertise, and served as an external observer during the consultations. This helped ensure all peoples are accounted for and built a body of evidence that drives inclusive and equitable policies and practices including access to quality information and health services.